同步辐射标定平面镜反射率不确定度分析方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈伯伦  杨正华  曹柱荣  董建军  侯立飞  崔延莉  江少恩  易荣清  李三伟  刘慎业  杨家敏 《海洋学报》2010,32(10):7078-7085

为了提高多通道软X射线能谱仪的测量精度,2009年在北京同步辐射(BSRF)软X束线源上对多种材料的掠入射平面镜的反射率进行了标定.在标定实验的基础上,对光源的单色性、高次谐波以及源强稳定性、探测器响应一致性和数据采集统计误差等多项不确定因素进行了评估,给出了反射率的修正方法和相应的不确定度分析结果.  相似文献   

An improved segmentation approach for planar surfaces from unstructured 3D point clouds     

Tarek M.  Awwad  Qing  Zhu  Zhiqiang  Du  Yeting  Zhang 《The Photogrammetric Record》2010,25(129):5-23

The extraction of object features from massive unstructured point clouds with different local densities, especially in the presence of random noisy points, is not a trivial task even if that feature is a planar surface. Segmentation is the most important step in the feature extraction process. In practice, most segmentation approaches use geometrical information to segment the 3D point cloud. The features generally include the position of each point (X, Y and Z), locally estimated surface normals and residuals of best fitting surfaces; however, these features could be affected by noisy points and in consequence directly affect the segmentation results. Therefore, massive unstructured and noisy point clouds also lead to bad segmentation (over-segmentation, under-segmentation or no segmentation). While the RANSAC (random sample consensus) algorithm is effective in the presence of noise and outliers, it has two significant disadvantages, namely, its efficiency and the fact that the plane detected by RANSAC may not necessarily belong to the same object surface; that is, spurious surfaces may appear, especially in the case of parallel-gradual planar surfaces such as stairs. The innovative idea proposed in this paper is a modification for the RANSAC algorithm called Seq-NV-RANSAC. This algorithm checks the normal vector (NV) between the existing point clouds and the hypothesised RANSAC plane, which is created by three random points, under an intuitive threshold value. After extracting the first plane, this process is repeated sequentially (Seq) and automatically, until no planar surfaces can be extracted from the remaining points under the existing threshold value. This prevents the extraction of spurious surfaces, brings an improvement in quality to the computed attributes and increases the degree of automation of surface extraction. Thus the best fit is achieved for the real existing surfaces.  相似文献   

Breaching-related turbidites in fluvial and estuarine channels: Examples from outcrop and core and implications to reservoir models     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

An understanding of the paleoenvironment and the main sedimentary processes behind preserved deposits is crucial to correctly interpret and represent lithofacies and facies associations in geomodels that are used in the hydrocarbon industry, particularly when a limited dataset of cores is available. In this paper a fairly common facies association is discussed containing massive sands - here defined as thick (>0.5 m) structureless sand beds devoid of primary sedimentary structures, or with some faint lamination - deposited by mass failures of channel banks in deep fluvial and estuarine channels. Amongst geologists it is generally accepted that liquefaction is the main trigger of large bank failures in sandy subaqueous slopes. However, evidence is mounting that for sand deposits a slow, retrogressive failure mechanism of a steep subaqueous slope, known as breaching, is the dominant process. A model of breaching-induced turbidity current erosion and sedimentation is presented that explains the presence of sheet-like massive sands and channel-like massive sands and the sedimentary structures of the related deposits. Sheet-like packages of spaced planar lamination that are found together with massive sand bodies in deposits of these environments are identified as proximal depositional elements of breach failure events. The model, acquired from sedimentary structures in deposits in the Eocene estuarine Vlierzele Sands, Belgium, is applied to outcrops of the Dinantian fluvial Fell Sandstone, England, and cores of the Tilje and Nansen fms (Lower Jurassic, Norwegian Continental Shelf). The possible breach failure origin of some other massive sands described in literature from various ancient shallow water environments is discussed. Breach failure generated massive sands possibly also form in deep marine settings. The potentially thick and homogeneous, well-sorted sand deposits bear good properties for hydrocarbon flow when found in such an environment. However, in case of deposition in an estuarine or fluvial channel, these sand bodies are spatially constricted and careful facies interpretation is key to identifying this. When constructing a static reservoir model, this needs to be considered both for in-place volume calculations as well as drainage strategies.  相似文献   

基于道路网络的商业网点市场域分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王新生  余瑞林  姜友华 《地理研究》2008,27(1):85-92

社会经济活动中人们的空间行为往往是基于道路网络来实现的。但是,目前多数研究都假设地理空间是一个均质空间,采用基于平面欧氏距离的空间分析方法,这是有局限的。本文阐述了基于网络距离的网络Voronoi图基本概念和实现方法,以武汉市商业零售连锁企业为例,分别采用基于欧氏距离的普通Voronoi图方法和基于网络距离的网络Voronoi图方法来确定商业零售网点的市场域,结果表明武汉市主城区商业网点市场域较小、主城区外围市场域较大。市场域大小与城市路网密度呈现一定相关关系,路网密度高、市场域小,路网密度低、市场域大。两种方法的计算结果存在一定差异,差异大小与路网密度有关,路网密度大、差异小,路网密度小、差异大。这表明在路网密度大的情况下,可以采用普通Voronoi图粗略地模拟商业网点的市场域。  相似文献   

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF INSTABILITY POSITION OF PLANAR STRIKE-SLIP FAULT DURING PROCESS OF STICK-SLIP          下载免费PDF全文

REN Ya-qiong  MA Jin  LIU Pei-xun  CHEN Shun-yun 《地震地质》2016,38(1):65-76

Stick-slip of fault in laboratory accompanies change of temperature. Temperature change is not only concerned with sliding friction, but also with the stress state of the sample. In this article, we use infra-red thermal imaging system as wide-range observation means to study the temperature variation of different stages during the deformation of sample. The rock sample for the experiment is made of granodiorite from Fangshan County with a size of 300mm×300mm×50mm. It is cut obliquely at an angle of 45°, forming a planar fault. Two-direction servo-control system was used to apply load on the sample. The load in both directions was forced to 5MPa and maintained constant (5MPa) in the X direction, then the load in the Y direction was applied by a displacement rate of 0.5μm/s, 0.1μm/s and 0.05μm/s successively. The left and below lateral of the sample were fixed, and the right and top lateral of the sample were slidable when loaded. The experiment results show not only the temperature change from increase to decrease caused by conversion of stress accumulation to relaxation before and after the peak stress, but also opposite variation of temperature increase on fault and temperature decrease in rock during instability stage. Most important of all, we have found the temperature precursor identifying the position of instability through the temperature variation with time along the fault. It shows that rate of temperature increase of instability position keeps relative high value since the stage of strongly off-linear stage, and accelerates in stage of meta-instability. After separating the effect of friction and stress, we found that temperature increase occurs in the rock near the fault instead of on the fault, which means the mechanism of temperature increase is stress accumulation. Temperature of fault at the instability position does not increase, which means the position is locked. We speculate that the position of locked area on fault with high stress accumulation near the fault may be the future instability position. It is of significance of studying temperature variation during stick-slip to the monitoring of earthquake precursors. Heat caused by friction of earthquake needs long time to transfer to the surface and could not be detected as a precursor. While the stress of surface rock near the fault would change as the stress of interior rock changes, which could cause detectable temperature variations. The research purpose of this article is to find special change positions before instability. As the temperature variations are caused by stress and slip of fault, the results are also meaningful to analysis of stress and displacement data related to earthquake precursors.  相似文献   

A strip adjustment procedure to mitigate the impact of inaccurate mounting parameters in parallel lidar strips     

Ayman F.  Habib  Ana Paula  Kersting  Ki-In  Bang  Ruifang  Zhai  Mohannad  Al-Durgham 《The Photogrammetric Record》2009,24(126):171-195

Lidar (laser scanning) technology has been proven as a prominent technique for the acquisition of high-density and accurate topographic information. Because of systematic errors in the lidar measurements (drifts in the position and orientation information and biases in the mirror angles and ranges) and/or in the parameters relating the system components (mounting parameters), adjacent lidar strips may exhibit discrepancies. Although position and orientation drifts can have a more significant impact, these errors and their impact do not come as a surprise if the quality of the GPS/INS integration process is carefully examined. Therefore, the mounting errors are singled out in this work. The ideal solution for improving the compatibility of neighbouring strips in the presence of errors in the mounting parameters is the implementation of a rigorous calibration procedure. However, such a calibration requires the original observations, which may not be usually available. In this paper, a strip adjustment procedure to improve the compatibility between parallel lidar strips with moderate flight dynamics (for example, acquired by a fixed-wing aircraft) over an area with moderately varying elevation is proposed. The proposed method is similar to the photogrammetric block adjustment of independent models. Instead of point features, planar patches and linear features, which are represented by sets of non-conjugate points, are used for the strip adjustment. The feasibility and the performance of the proposed procedure together with its impact on subsequent activities are illustrated using experimental results from real data.  相似文献   

平面相控阵脉冲压缩的雷达气象方程     

张子良  郑国光  葛文忠  魏鸣 《南京气象学院学报》2013,5(5):426-431

在低发射功率条件下,相控阵多普勒天气雷达为了增加探测距离和提高分辨率,需要采用脉冲压缩技术.由于采用相控阵技术,波束扫描过程中,在平面阵非法线方向上会产生波束展宽,引起波束内功率下降,需要在计算雷达气象方程时弥补功率下降的误差.平面相控阵天气雷达在探测远距离目标时,使用宽脉冲发射,经脉冲压缩处理以提高分辨率,因此需要建立适用的雷达气象方程.首先讨论了脉冲压缩低峰值功率的平面相控阵多普勒天气雷达的结构、线性调频脉冲压缩的距离(多普勒测量)、调频波形的耦合问题以及目标距离的测量;然后给出了适用于脉冲压缩的平面相控阵雷达气象方程,此方程同时也适用于一维线性阵的脉冲压缩的天气雷达.  相似文献   

平面约束条件在LIDAR点云滤波中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张皓  刘军  纪松  杨靖宇 《测绘信息与工程》2008,33(4)

介绍了一种利用平面约束条件对LIDAR点云数据进行滤波的方法,利用每个数据点的邻域点拟合平面,根据平面约束条件和平面点分类方法得到地面点,最后利用地面点内插该区域的DTM.  相似文献   

均匀土质边坡稳定性计算的一种新方法     

单辉  葛磊 《海岸工程》2001,20(2):34-39

根据土力学原理 ,推导出一种在不考虑渗流力的情况下 ,确定斜坡临界滑动面和计算斜坡稳定系数的新方法。介绍了该方法在若干土石方工程中的应用实例。  相似文献   

On a global expansion of the disturbing function in the planar elliptic restricted three-body problem     

C. Beaugé 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1996,64(4):313-350

Starting with a simple Taylor-based expansion of the inverse of the distance between two bodies, we are able to obtain a series expansion of the disturbing function of the three-body problem (planar elliptic case) which is valid for all points of the phase space outside the immediate vicinity of the collision points. In particular, the expansion is valid for very high values of the eccentricity of the perturbed body. Furthermore, in the case of an interior mean-motion resonant configuration, the above-mentioned expression is easily averaged with respect to the synodic period, yielding once again a global expansion of (R) valid for very high eccentricities.Comparisons between these results and the numerically computed exact function are presented for various resonances and values of the eccentricity. Maximum errors are determined in each case and their origin is established. Lastly, we discuss the applicability of the present expansion to practical problems.  相似文献